Indicators of swamp buffalo business sustainability using partial least squares structural equation modelling

Abstract The objective of this study is to analyse the effect swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis carabauesis) sustainability indicators and examine relationship between these. research was conducted in central area for development South Kalimantan, namely, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, July 2022 with participation 145 farmers, who were identified using multistage sampling method. There 53 9 latent variables, statistically modelled partial least squares structural equation modelling method, evaluation outer inner models. results show that information system economy had a significant on human resources (HR), which turn financial business buffalo. influence systems positive, while economic negative influence. HR positive farming are complex vary from region region. Based results, it expected government as policymakers, especially pay special attention aspects systems, economy, HR, buffalo, also considering other such ecological, sociocultural, technological, institutional ones.